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Teodors Kalniņš

1890–1962
Conductor, educator

Born 23 November 1890 in Tartu, Estonia. Studied violin at Rīga’s Imperial Music School (1904-1909) and the St Petersburg Music School (1910), studied at the St Petersburg Conservatory (1913-1916).

Starting his conducting career, directed many choirs: the Latvian Riflemen’s male choir in Valmiera, was the conductor’s assistant of the Riflemen’s Orchestra, choirmaster of the Reiters Choir (1920). He also directed the Amplus pasta factory mixed choir (1918) and the mixed choir of the Bebri Library, but in 1919 he began his career at the Latvian National Opera, beginning as a choirmaster (until 1935), then as the principal choirmaster (until 1940). Performed widely, paying particular attention to the works of Latvian composers.

Also worked with amateur choirs – conducted the University of Latvia student fraternity Presidium male choir (1925-1940), the University of Latvia female choir (1927-1940), the Miera (Peace) congregation mixed choir (from 1930), the Ķuze factory mixed choir (from 1934) and the Rīgas audums (Textile) mixed choir (1935-1937). In 1940, he became the conductor of the Latvian Radio Committee choir (later the Radio and Television choir, from 1962 – the Teodors Kalniņš Radio choir). Also worked as an educator in the Conservatory of Latvia’s Conducting Department (1950-1962).

Was a chief conductor at the VIIth-XIIIth All-Latvian Song and Dance Festivals, as well as the conductor of many regional song festivals and choir gatherings.

Awarded the Fourth Class Order of the Three Stars (1934) and the Fourth Class Cross of Recognition (1938). He received the Latvian SSR Order of Honour for artistic endeavours (1948) and the title of People’s Artist of the Latvian SSR (1960).

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